Climate Governance and multilevel policy practices in Thailand and Malaysia

Warathida Chaiyapa; Kamarulnizam Abdullah; Phillip Gonzalez; Hanna Nur Afifah Yogar

doi:10.24965/gapp.11271

Autores/as

Warathida Chaiyapa Chiang Mai University School of Public Policy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3359-551X
Kamarulnizam Abdullah Institute of Malaysia and International Studies (IKMAS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Malasia – Malaysia) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6577-1138
Phillip Gonzalez Forum of Federations (Australia – Australia)
Hanna Nur Afifah Yogar Chiang Mai University School of Public Policy (Indonesia – Indonesia) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3266-2132

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24965/gapp.11271

Palabras clave:

gobernanza multinivel, gobierno subnacional, gobierno local, política de cambio climático, toma de decisiones inclusiva

Resumen

Objetivos: este artículo investiga la política de gobernanza climática en la práctica en Tailandia y Malasia dentro de sus estructuras de gobernanza multinivel. Tailandia presenta un caso único de un Estado unitario con un grado de desconcentración y descentralización, mientras que Malasia exhibe un Estado federal con un alto grado de centralización. Metodología: el artículo recopiló y analizó datos tanto primarios como secundarios. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas en profundidad con funcionarios gubernamentales, organizaciones no gubernamentales y organizaciones internacionales en línea e in situ en Tailandia y Malasia desde mayo de 2022 hasta septiembre de 2023. Los datos de las entrevistas se triangulan con datos secundarios de documentos clave de políticas nacionales sobre cambio climático y temas relacionados. Este artículo examina las contribuciones y obstáculos de la gobernanza multinivel en la gobernanza climática y destaca algunas lecciones aprendidas de ambos países. Resultados: los sistemas de gobierno multinivel ofrecen oportunidades para que diversos actores participen en la toma de decisiones y creen innovación en políticas. Sin embargo, la administración de la toma de decisiones en estos sistemas puede estar limitada por tensiones internas, entre tendencias hacia la centralización de la toma de decisiones y la escasa participación de los Gobiernos subnacionales y los actores a nivel local. Conclusiones: en general, sostenemos que una dirección clara y orientación a nivel nacional, complementada con mecanismos que involucren a los actores locales en la Administración y la sociedad civil, son esenciales para lograr objetivos generales de acción climática independientemente del sistema administrativo.

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Biografía del autor/a

Warathida Chaiyapa, Chiang Mai University School of Public Policy

Dr. Warathida Chaiyapa is Assistant Professor and Assistant Director at Chiang Mai University School of Public Policy, focusing on energy and climate change. She holds a PhD in Sustainability Science from the University of Tokyo and has contributed to Thailand’s energy policies, researched blue hydrogen, and examined Thailand-Myanmar energy dependence.

Kamarulnizam Abdullah, Institute of Malaysia and International Studies (IKMAS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Malasia – Malaysia)

Kamarulnizam Abdullah is Professor and Principal Fellow at IKMAS, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, specializing in governance, security, and border studies. He has consulted for government agencies in Malaysia, Japan, and Timor Leste, and the United Nations Office for Drugs and Crime, contributing his expertise in national and regional security frameworks.

Phillip Gonzalez, Forum of Federations (Australia – Australia)

Phillip, Senior Director of Programs in the Indo Pacific, specializes in comparative policy within federal systems. With 15 years as a governance specialist, he has supported democratic transitions and reforms in Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Ukraine. His policy expertise extends to Australia, Brazil, Canada, India, and Thailand, contributing significantly to state-building and governance improvements globally.

Hanna Nur Afifah Yogar, Chiang Mai University School of Public Policy (Indonesia – Indonesia)

Hanna Nur Afifah Yogar is a Master’s student at Chiang Mai University’s School of Public Policy, with a background in law, development studies, and public policy. Her research focuses on political ecology, environmental policy, and development issues in Southeast Asia.

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