The privacy of citizens in the waiting room: Toward a european directive on the physical protection of personal data

Authors

  • Cristina Caja Moya Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Universidad del Atlántico Medio (España – Spain) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3878-8721
  • Elio Quiroga Rodríguez Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Universidad del Atlántico Medio (España – Spain) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4912-1941

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24965/da.11601

Keywords:

privacy in public spaces, administrative negligence, applied GDPR, public administration, European directive

Abstract

Objectives: The paper seeks to highlight and critique the disconnection between the development of advanced digital regulatory frameworks –such as the 2025-2030 Strategic Plan of the Spanish Data Protection Agency (AEPD), focused on artificial intelligence and technological innovation– and the persistent violation of the right to privacy in the physical spaces of public administrations. It also aims to encourage reflection on the need to extend data protection beyond the digital environment. Methodology: A critical and comparative analysis is conducted between current public data protection policies and the actual practices observed in physical spaces of citizen service. The study examines examples from hospitals, employment offices, and tax agencies, contrasting the public sector’s shortcomings with the progress made in the private sector, particularly in banking. Results: The analysis reveals structural negligence in the protection of privacy within public physical spaces. Individuals, often in vulnerable situations, are forced to surrender their privacy in order to access basic services. The study identifies an institutional short-sightedness that prioritizes bureaucratic efficiency over human dignity, perpetuating a model of service that disregards fundamental principles of data protection. Conclusions: The study proposes a roadmap of mandatory measures to reverse this situation: a) Incorporate privacy impact assessments into the design of public spaces. b) Develop specialized training for administrative personnel. c) Implement minimum architectural safeguards to ensure confidentiality. All these measures should be framed under the principle of «privacy by design» with the aim of inspiring a future European directive that guarantees the effectiveness of the fundamental right to data protection both in the digital and physical spheres.

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Author Biographies

Cristina Caja Moya, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Universidad del Atlántico Medio (España – Spain)

Jueza y doctora por la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Docente e investigadora en la Universidad del Atlántico Medio. Ha coorganizado foros internacionales, publicado sobre mediación, uso de IA en Derecho, protección de datos y Derecho Civil, y es delegada del FIMEP en Canarias y miembro de ODR Latinoamérica.

Elio Quiroga Rodríguez, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Universidad del Atlántico Medio (España – Spain)

Ingeniero informático, máster en Astrofísica y doctorando en Ciencias Sociales. Guionista, director, pro­ductor y novelista galardonado con premios como el Minotauro y el Policía Nacional. Ha impartido cursos en diversas instituciones y dirigido el Canarias Mediafest. Actualmente es docente e investigador en la Universidad del Atlántico Medio.

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Published

22-01-2026

How to Cite

Caja Moya, C., & Quiroga Rodríguez, E. (2026). The privacy of citizens in the waiting room: Toward a european directive on the physical protection of personal data. Documentación Administrativa, (15), 77–91. https://doi.org/10.24965/da.11601